HLD-105·Storage & Media
Easy · 500 ptsImage Upload & Multi-Resolution Thumbnail CDN
Design an image hosting and on-the-fly thumbnail delivery pipeline absorbing heavy storefront media reads while isolating slow origin object storage.
Max p99
≤ 45 ms
Availability
≥ 99.5%
Budget
≤ $2,100
Functional Requirements
- FR-1POST /media/upload — Persists original image metadata/blob and triggers thumbnail generation.
- FR-2GET /media/{image_id}?w=400 — Serves resized image bytes with low edge/cache latency.
- FR-3PATCH & DELETE /media/upload/{image_id} — Updates, revokes, or deletes image_id entries with bounded TTL or explicit cache/index invalidation.
- FR-4Must sustain read availability when origin storage latency degrades 5x.
Workload Profile
Baseline Media Traffic28,000 Read RPS / 900 Upload Write RPS
Campaign Peak85,000 Read RPS / 2,500 Upload Write RPS
Active Working Set20 GB hot thumbnails (40 TB object archive)
Traffic DistributionStrong Zipfian skew on featured hero image_id assets
Consistency Model
Immutable asset URLs with eventual edge/cache propagation (< 5s); uploaded originals must be durably stored.
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